Weights and Measures

In order to run the bureaucracy and business properly, it was necessary to weigh and measure things.

The standard unit of measure was the royal cubit (52.4 cm / 20.6 in), about the length of a man's forearm. This was divided into twenty-eight digits of thumb width. Each four digits made a palm width. The short cubit (44.9 cm / 17.7 in) was used by artists when making a grid. This was six palms, or twenty-four digits, The remen (74.07 cm / 29.2 in) was the length of the diagonal of a square measuring one royal cubit. The double remen, divided into forty equal units, and the ta, 100 royal cubits, were used in the surveying of land. A setjat was an area of 100 square cubits.

At different times, stone, pottery, and bronze were used as weights. The basic weight was the deben (about 93.3 g / 3.3 oz). The kite weighed nine to ten g (.3 to .35 oz). The deben was rounded off to ten kites. The kite measured only gold and silver.

Tables are as follows: