Italian
- John Cabot (1450-1498)
- (Giovanni Caboto)
- First European to reach the North American mainland, landing first on Cape Breton Island (1497)
- Reached Greenland (1498)
- Sebastian Cabot (1474-1557)
- Explored the Brazilian coast and the Rio de la Plata (1526-1530)
- Alvise Luigi da Cadamosto (1432-1488)
- Explored the west coast of Africa for the Portuguese
- Discovered the Cape Verde Islands (1456)
- Christopher Columbus (1451-1506)
- (Cristóbal Colón)
- Made four voyages to the New World, reaching several Caribbean islands, South America, and Central America (1492-1498)
- Eusebio Francisco Kino (1644-1711)
- Explora Sonora and southern Arizona (1687)
- Explored the Colorado Valley and found the Indian ruins of Casa Grande (1694)
- Umberto Nobile (1885-1978)
- One of the first to fly over the North Pole in a dirigible (1926)
- Marco Polo (1254-1324)
- Traveled overland from Venice to Cambuluc (Peking) (1271-1275)
- Made the return trip via Persia (1292-1295)
- Giovanni da Verrazzano (c1485-1528)
- Explored the Atlantic coast of North America from North Carolina to Newfoundland (1524)
- Reached the coast of Brazil (1527)
- Amerigo Vespucci (1454-1512)
- Explored areas of the New World, but reports questioned (1499-1501)
