Michipicoten Post Provincial Park
The lower part of the underlying rocks consists of massive and pillowed magnesium and iron-rich tholeeiitic flows. The upper part consists of intermediate to felsic volcanic rocks. The park's substrate contains alluvial and lowland materials, which were deposited by meltwaters of the retreating glaciers.
Five vegetation communities are found in the park. Waterfowl and other bird species stop here on their migratory trips in the spring and the autumn.
Four aboriginal settlement sites have been identified in or near the park. The settlements seem to have begun as early as 1165 BCE. The people were generally nomadic, however. They would move inland during the winter.
The first Europen to explore this region was Étienne Brulé, between 1617 and 1622. The original post was established about 1714 by the French. It was operated over the years successively by the French, independent traders, the Northwest Trading Company, and the Hudson's Bay Company. The local Ojibway trapped and provided furs to the post for nearly 180 years. The post provided various services during its time of operation.
The park was established as Michipicoten Wilderness area in 1971 to preserve natural and historical resources. In 1982, when it became a historical provincial park, 65 hectares (161 acres) were added. Regrettably, relic hunters are removing historic artefacts and recreation activities are destroying plant cover. There are several other provincial parks, including Michipicoten Island, and one national park nearby.
We would like to thank the following for providing information for this page: Laurel Finney, Natural Heritage Education Co-ordinator, White Lake Provincial Park; Librarian, Michipicoten Township Public Library; Kaireen Morrison, Local Geneologist, Wawa, Ontario; Johanna Rowe, The Wilderness Group; and Mike Pym, Project Management Planner, Michipicoten Island and Michipicoten Post Provincial Parks.
Flora
- Common Name (Order Family Genus species)
Monocotyledons
- Awnless Brome Grass (Poales Graminae/Poaceae Bromus inermis inermis)
- Baltic Rush (Juncales Juncaceae Juncus balticus)
- Beach Grass / Sand Reed (Poales Graminae/Poaceae Ammophilia breviligulata)
- Bladder Sedge (Cyperales Cyperaceae Carex vesicaria)
- Blue-joint Grass (Poales Graminae/Poaceae Calamagrostis canadensis)
- Brownish Sedge (Cyperales Cyperaceae Carex brunnescens ssp. brunnescens)
- Bullhead-lily (Nymphaeales Nymphaeaceae Nymphaea variegatum)
- Canada Blue Grass (Poales Graminae/Poaceae Poa compressa)
- Ciliated Brome Grass (Poales Graminae/Poaceae Bromus ciliatus)
- Common Great Bulrush (Cyperales Cyperaceae Scirpus validus)
- Contract Sedge (Cyperales Cyperaceae Carex arctata)
- Couch Grass / Quack Grass (Poales Graminae/Poaceae Elymus repens)
- Crawford’s Sedge (Cyperales Cyperaceae Carex crawfordii)
- Crested Sedge (Cyperales Cyperaceae Carex cristatella)
- Dwarf Rattlesnake Plantain (Orchidales Orchidaceae Goodyera repens)
- Fernald's False Manna Grass (Poales Graminae/Poaceae Torreyochloa fernaldii)
- Fowl Manna Grass (Poales Graminae/Poaceae Glyceria striata)
- Fowl Meadow Grass (Poales Graminae/Poaceae Poa palustris)
- Fringed Sedge (Cyperales Cyperaceae Carex crinita)
- Inflated Sedge (Cyperales Cyperaceae Carex intumescens)
- Kentucky Blue Grass (Poales Graminae/Poaceae Poa pratensis pratensis)
- Larger Blue Flag (Liliales Iridaceae Iris versicolor)
- Lenticular Sedge (Cyperales Cyperaceae Carex lenticularis)
- Moccasin Flower (Orchidales Orchidaceae Cypripedium acaule)
- Narrow-leaved Blue-eyed Grass (Liliales Iridaceae Sisyrinchium angustifolium)
- Northern Green Orchid (Orchidales Orchidaceae Platanthera hyperborea)
- Northern Manna Grass (Poales Graminae/Poaceae Glyceria borealis)
- Orchard Grass (Poales Graminae/Poaceae Dactylis glomerata)
- Poverty Oat Grass (Poales Graminae/Poaceae Danthonia spicata)
- Purple Oat Grass (Poales Graminae/Poaceae Schizachne purpurascens. purpurascens)
- Red-sheathed Bulrush (Cyperales Cyperaceae Scirpus microcarpus)
- Robbins’ Pondweed (Najadales Potamogetonaceae Potamogeton robbinsii)
- Rose Twisted Stalk (Liliales Liliaceae Streptopus roseus)
- Rough Hair Grass / Fly-away Grass (Poales Graminae/Poaceae Agrostis scabra)
- Slender Rush (Juncales Juncaceae Juncus tenuis)
- Sweet Grass (Poales Graminae/Poaceae Hierochloe odorata odorata)
- Tall Manna Grass (Poales Graminae/Poaceae Glyceria grandis)
- Three-seeded Sedge (Cyperales Cyperaceae Carex trisperma)
- Timothy (Poales Graminae/Poaceae Phleum pratense)
- Two-seeded Sedge (Cyperales Cyperaceae Carex disperma)
- Wavy Hair Grass (Poales Graminae/Poaceae Deschampsia flexuosa)
- Wheat Grass (Poales Graminae/Poaceae Elymus trachycaullus)
- Wild Lily-of-the-valley (Liliales Liliaceae Maianthemum canadense)
- Wood Reedgrass (Poales Graminae/Poaceae Cinna latifolia)
- Yellow Clintonia (Liliales Liliaceae Clintonia borealis)
Dicotyledons
- Alpine Enchanter’s Nightshade (Myrtales Onagraceae Circaea alpina)
- American Brooklime (Scrophulariales Scrophlariaceae Veronica americana)
- American Dog-violet (Violales Violaceae Viola conspersa)
- Bastard-toadflax (Santales Santalaceae Comandra umbellata)
- Beach-pea (Fabales Fabaceae/Leguminosae Lathyrus japonicus)
- Beaked Hazelnut (Fagales Betulaceae Corylus cornuta)
- Bearberry (Ericales Ericaceae Arctostaphylos uva-ursi)
- Bunchberry (Cornales Cornaceae Cornus canadensis)
- Bush Honeysuckle (Dipsacales Caprifoliaceae Diervilla lonicera)
- Canada Goldenrod (Asterales Asteraceae/Compositae Solidago canadensis)
- Canada Thistle (Asterales Asteraceae/Compositae Cirsium arvense)
- Common Dandelion (Asterales Asteraceae/Compositae Taraxacum officinale)
- Common Strawberry (Rosales Rosaceae Fragaria virginiana virginiana)
- Common Yarrow (Asterales Asteraceae/Compositae Achillea millefolium)
- Common/Sheep Sorrel (Polygonales Polygonaceae Rumex acetosella)
- Cow Parsnip (Umbellales Apiaceae/Umbelliferae Heracleum lanatum)
- Cow/Tufted Vetch (Fabales Fabaceae/Leguminosae Vicia cracca)
- Dwarf Bilberry (Ericales Ericaceae Vaccinium caespitosum)
- Dwarf Raspberry (Rosales Rosaceae Rubus pubescens)
- Early Low Blueberry (Ericales Ericaceae Vaccinium angustifolium)
- European Stinging Nettle (Urticales Urticaceae Urtica dioica dioica)
- False Heather (Malvales Cistaceae Hudsonia tomentosa)
- Fireweed (Myrtales Onagraceae Epilobium angustifolium)
- Fly Honeysuckle (Dipsacales Caprifoliaceae Lonicera canadensis)
- Fragrant Bedstraw (Rubiales Rubiaceae Galium triflorum)
- Goldthread (Ranunculales Ranunculaceae Coptis trifolia groenlandica)
- Green Alder (Fagales Betulaceae Alnus viridis crispa)
- Ground Ivy (Lamiales Lamiaceae/Labiatae Glechoma hederacea)
- Hawthorn (Rosales Rosaceae Crataegus chrysocarpa)
- Heal-all (Lamiales Lamiaceae/Labiatae Prunella vulgaris ssp. vulgaris)
- Heart-leaved Willow (Salicales Salicaceae Salix eriocephala)
- Hemp-nettle (Lamiales Lamiaceae/Labiatae Galeopsis tetrahit)
- Herb Sophia (Capparales Brassicaceae/Cruciferae Descurainia sphia)
- Hop-clover (Fabales Fabaceae/Leguminosae Trifolium aureum)
- Indian Pipe (Ericales Pyrolaceae Monotropa uniflora)
- Kidney-leaved Violet (Violales Violaceae Viola renifolia)
- Labrador Tea (Ericales Ericaceae Ledum groenlandicum)
- Large-leaved Aster (Asterales Asteraceae/Compositae Aster macrophyllus)
- Large-leaved Avens (Rosales Rosaceae Geum macrophyllum)
- Large-leaved Goldenrod (Asterales Asteraceae/Compositae Solidago macrophylla)
- Leather-leaf (Ericales Ericaceae Chamaedaphne calyculata)
- Lesser Stitchwort (Caryophyllales Caryophyllaceae Stellaria graminea)
- Long-leaved Stichwort (Caryophyllales Caryophyllaceae Stellaria longifolia)
- Lyre-leaved Rock Cress (Capparales Brassicaceae/Cruciferae Arabis lyrata)
- Marsh Cinquefoil (Rosales Rosaceae Potentilla palustris)
- Marsh-marigold (Ranunculales Ranunculaceae Caltha palustris palustris)
- Mitrewort (Rosales Saxifragaceae/Grossulariaceae Mitella diphylla)
- Mountain Cranberry (Ericales Ericaceae Vaccinium vitis-idaea minus)
- Mountain Juneberry (Rosales Rosaceae Amelanchier bartramiana)
- Mountain Maple (Sapindales Aceraceae Acer spicatum)
- Mouse-eared Chickweed (Caryophyllales Caryophyllaceae Cerastium fontanum triviale)
- Narrow-leaved Meadowsweet (Rosales Rosaceae Spirea alba)
- Norway/Rough Cinquefoil (Rosales Rosaceae Potentilla norvegica norvegica)
- One-flowered Wintergreen (Ericales Pyrolaceae Moneses unifolia)
- Orange Hawkweed (Asterales Asteraceae/Compositae Hieracium aurantiacum)
- Ox-eye Daisy (Asterales Asteraceae/Compositae Chrysanthemum leucanthemum)
- Pearly Everlasting (Asterales Asteraceae/Compositae Anaphalis margaritacea)
- Pin Cherry (Rosales Rosaceae Prunus pensylvanica)
- Prickly Wild Rose (Rosales Rosaceae Rosa acicularis sayi)
- Pussy Willow (Salicales Salicaceae Salix discolor)
- Red Baneberry (Ranunculales Ranunculaceae Actaea rubra)
- Red Clover (Fabales Fabaceae/Leguminosae Trifolium pratense)
- Red Osier Dogwood (Cornales Cornaceae Cornus stolonifera)
- Red-berried Elder (Dipsacales Caprifoliaceae Sambucus racemosa pubens)
- Red-stemmed Aster (Asterales Asteraceae/Compositae Aster puniceus)
- Rough Bedstraw (Rubiales Rubiaceae Galium asprellum)
- Sand-cherry (Rosales Rosaceae Prunus pumila)
- Showy Mountain-ash (Rosales Rosaceae Sorbus decora)
- Skunk Current (Rosales Saxifragaceae/Grossulariaceae Ribes glandulosum)
- Sour/Curled Dock (Polygonales Polygonaceae Rumex crispus)
- Speckled Alder (Fagales Betulaceae Alnus incana rugosa)
- Spotted Jewelweed (Geraniales Balsaminaceae Impatiens capensis)
- Spotted Joe-pye Weed (Asterales Asteraceae/Compositae Eupatorium maculatum)
- Spreading Rock-cress (Capparales Brassicaceae/Cruciferae Arabis divaricarpa)
- Squashberry (Dipsacales Caprifoliaceae Viburnum edule)
- Starflower (Primulales Primulaceae Trientalis borealis borealis)
- Sweet Cicely (Umbellales Apiaceae/Umbelliferae Osmorhiza claytonii)
- Sweet Gale (Myricales Myricaceae Myrica gale)
- Sweet White Violet (Violales Violaceae Viola blanda)
- Tall Buttercup (Ranunculales Ranunculaceae Ranunculus acris)
- Tall Meadow Rue (Ranunculales Ranunculaceae Thalictrum pubescens)
- Three-toothed Cinquefoil (Rosales Rosaceae Potentilla tridentata)
- Tower Mustard (Capparales Brassicaceae/Cruciferae Arabis glabra)
- Trailing Arbutus (Ericales Ericaceae Epigaea repens)
- Trembling Aspen (Salicales Salicaceae Populus tremuloides)
- Twin-flower (Dipsacales Caprifoliaceae Linnaea borealis longiflora)
- Upland Willow (Salicales Salicaceae Salix humilis)
- Velvet-leaf Blueberry (Ericales Ericaceae Vaccinium myrtilloides)
- Water Parsnip (Umbellales Apiaceae/Umbelliferae Sium suave)
- Water/Purple Avens (Rosales Rosaceae Geum rivale)
- White Birch (Fagales Betulaceae Betula papyrifera)
- Wild Columbine (Ranunculales Ranunculaceae Aquilegia canadensis)
- Wild Gooseberry (Rosales Saxifragaceae/Grossulariaceae Ribes hirtellum)
- Wild Red Raspberry (Rosales Rosaceae Rubus idaeus melanolasius)
- Wild Sarsaparilla (Ariales Araliaceae Aralia nudicaulis)
- Wintergreen (Ericales Ericaceae Gaultheria procumbens)
- Wormseed Mustard (Capparales Brassicaceae/Cruciferae Erysimum cheiranthoides cheiranthoides)
Gymnosperms
- Balsam Fir (Coniferales Pinaceae Abies balsamea)
- Black Spruce (Coniferales Pinaceae Picea mariana)
- Canada Yew (Coniferales Cupressaceae Taxus canadensis)
- Common Juniper (Coniferales Cupressaceae Juniperus communis)
- Eastern Hemlock (Coniferales Cupressaceae Tsuga canadensis)
- Ground Juniper (Coniferales Cupressaceae Juniperus communis depressa)
- Jack Pine (Coniferales Pinaceae Pinus banksiana)
- Tamarack (Coniferales Pinaceae Larix laricina)
- White Cedar (Coniferales Cupressaceae Thuja occidentalis)
- White Spruce (Coniferales Pinaceae Picea glauca)
Horsetails
- Field Horsetail (Equisetales Equisetaceae Equisetum arvense)
- Marsh Horsetail (Equisetales Equisetaceae Equisetum palustre)
- Water Horsetail (Equisetales Equisetaceae Equisetum fluviatile)
- Woodland Horsetail (Equisetales Equisetaceae Equisetum sylvaticum)
Ferns
- Cinnamon Fern (Osmundales Osmundaceae Osmunda cinnamomea)
- Common/Rock Polypod (Polypodiales Polypodiaceae Polypodium virginianum)
- Holly Fern (Polypodiales Polypodiaceae Polystichum braunii)
- Lady Fern (Polypodiales Polypodiaceae Athyrium filix-femina angustum)
- Leathery Grape Fern (Ophioglossales Ophioglossaceae Botrychium matricariaefolium)
- Northern Beech-fern (Athyriales Thelypteridaceae Phegopteris connectilis)
- Oak Fern (Polypodiales Polypodiaceae Gymnocarpium dryopteris dryopteris)
- Ostrich Fern (Dryopteridales Dryopteridaceae Matteuccia struthiopteris)
- Shield Fern (Polypodiales Polypodiaceae Dryopteris intermedia)
- Spinulose Wood Fern (Polypodiales Polypodiaceae Dryopteris carthusiana)
Mosses
- Ground Pine (Lycopodiales Lycopodiaceae Lycopodium obscurum)
- Running Club Moss (Lycopodiales Lycopodiaceae Lycopodium annotinum)
- Running Pine (Lycopodiales Lycopodiaceae Lycopodium clavatum)
- Shining Club Moss (Lycopodiales Lycopodiaceae Lycopodium lucidulum)
Fauna
- Common Name (Order Family [Subfamily] Genus species)
Birds
- American Crow (Passeriformes Corvidae Corvus brachyrhynchos)
- American Redstart (Passeriformes Parulidae Setophaga ruticilla)
- American Robin (Passeriformes Turdidae Turdus migratorius)
- Bald Eagle (Falconiformes Accipitridae Haliaeetus leucocephalus)
- Barn Swallow (Passeriformes Hirundinidae [Hirundininae] Hirundo rustica)
- Bay-breasted Warbler (Passeriformes Parulidae Dendroica castanea)
- Belted Kingfisher (Coraciiformes Alcedinidae [Cerylinae] Ceryle alcyon)
- Black-and-white Warbler (Passeriformes Parulidae Mniotilta varia)
- Black-capped Chickadee (Passeriformes Paridae Parus atricapillus)
- Black-throated Green Warbler (Passeriformes Parulidae Dendroica virens)
- Blackburnian Warbler (Passeriformes Parulidae Dendroica fusca)
- Boreal Chickadee (Passeriformes Paridae Parus hudsonicus)
- Bufflehead (Anseriformes Anatidae [Anatinae] Bucephala albeola)
- Cedar Waxwing (Passeriformes Bombycillidae [Bombycillinae] Bombycilla cedrorum)
- Chipping Sparrow (Passeriformes Emberizidae [Emberizinae] Spizella pallida)
- Common Loon (Gaviiformes Gaviidae Gavia immer)
- Common Merganser (Anseriformes Anatidae [Anatinae] Mergus merganser)
- Common Yellowthroat (Passeriformes Parulidae Geophlypis trichas)
- Dark-eyed Junco (Passeriformes Emberizidae [Emberizinae] Junco hyemalis)
- Double-crested Cormorant (Pelecaniformes Phalacrocoracidae Phalacrocorax auritus)
- Evening Grosbeak (Passeriformes Fringillidae [Carduelinae] Coccothraustes vespertinus)
- Golden-crowned Kinglet (Passeriformes Regulidae Regulus satrapa)
- Gray Jay (Passeriformes Corvidae Perisoreus canadensis)
- Hermit Thrush (Passeriformes Turdidae Catharus guttatus)
- Herring Gull (Charadriiformes Laridae [Larinae] Larus argentatus)
- Least Flycatcher (Passeriformes Tyrannidae Empidonax minimus)
- Magnolia Warbler (Passeriformes Parulidae Dendroica magnolia)
- Mallard (Anseriformes Anatidae [Anatinae] Anas platyrhynchos)
- Myrtle Warbler (Passeriformes Parulidae Dendroica coronata)
- Nashville Warbler (Passeriformes Parulidae Vermivora ruficapilla)
- Northern Harrier (Falconiformes Accipitridae Circus cyaneus)
- Osprey (Falconiformes Pandionidae Pandion haliaetus)
- Ovenbird (Passeriformes Parulidae Seiurus aurocapillus)
- Red-breasted Nuthatch (Passeriformes Sittidae [Sittinae] Sitta canadensis)
- Red-eyed Vireo (Passeriformes Vireonidae [Veroninae] Vireo olivaceus)
- Ring-billed Gull (Charadriiformes Laridae [Larinae] Larus delawarensis)
- Ruby-crowned Kinglet (Passeriformes Regulidae Regulus calendula)
- Ruffed Grouse (Galliformes Tretraonidae Bonasa umbellus)
- Rusty Blackbird (Passeriformes Icteridae [Icterinae] Euphagus carolinus)
- Scarlet Tanager (Passeriformes Emberizidae [Thraupinae] Piranga olivacea)
- Song Sparrow (Passeriformes Emberizidae [Emberizinae] Melospiza melodia)
- Spotted Sandpiper (Charadriiformes Scolopacidae [Tringinae] Actitis macularia)
- White-crowned Sparrow (Passeriformes Emberizidae [Emberizinae] Zonotrichia leucophrys)
- White-throated Sparrow (Passeriformes Emberizidae [Emberizinae] Zonotrichita albicollis)
- Winter Wren (Passeriformes Troglodytidae Troglodytes troglodytes)
- Yellow-bellied Sapsucker (Piciformes Picidae [Picinae] Sphyrapicus various)
- Yellow-shafted/Northern Flicker (Piciformes Picidae [Picinae] Colaptes auratus)
Mammals
- Snow-shoe Hare (Lagomorpha Leporidae Lepus americanus)
- Red Squirrel (Rodentia Sciuridae Tamiasciurus hudsonicus)
- Eastern Chipmunk (Rodentia Sciuridae Tamias striatus)
- Deer Mouse (Rodentia Muridae Peromyscus maniculatus)
- Boreal Red-backed Vole (Rodentia Muridae Clethrionnomys grapperi)
- Meadow Vole (Rodentia Muridae Microtus pennsylvanicus)
- American Porcupine (Rodentia Erithizontidae Erethizon dorsatum)
- Red Fox (Carnivora Canidae Vulpes vulpes)
- Moose (Artiodactyla Cervidae Alces alces)
Amphibians
- Wood Frog (Anura Ranidae Rana sylvatica)
