Watkins Glen State Park
The glen was formed at the end of the last Ice Age. Great continental glaciers from the north had excavated an immense trough in an ancient river valley, leaving 35-mile long Seneca Lake, the deepest of the Finger Lakes. Glen Creek has poured down the glacially steepened valley side ever since, slowly eroding the gorge.
The gorge, with nineteen waterfalls, was opened to the public in 1863 by Morvalden Ells, a journalist from Elmira. It was privately owned and operated as a tourist resort until it was purchased by New York State in 1906. Since 1924, it has been managed by the Finger Lakes Region of the New York State Office of Parks, Recreation, and Historic Preservation.
The Queen Catharine Marsh is the sole remaining headwater marsh in the Finger Lakes region, although it has also suffered from infringement by development, re-routing of natural feeder streams, and siltation. Historically, water levels were lower within the Queen Catharine Marsh area. Large areas were farmed for crops that did well in the high water table and wet soils. Current lake level management maintains the area as an important regional wetland. The marsh is not a part of the state park.
See map of the park. (Click on Map It!)
The lists below represent Watkins Glen State Park only. They do not represent the whole of Schuyler County, in which the park is located. References used were brochures obtained from the park The data are not complete and may not be up-to-date. For up-to-date lists of the fauna and flora of the county, the reader should check the site provided by John and Sue Gregoire, of Kestrel Haven Avian Migration Observatory, where the official county lists are maintained.
We would like to thank Kristine Kusevich, Parks and Recreation Aide, of Watkins Glen State Park, for providing the brochures used for this page.
Flora
- Common Name (Order Family Genus species)
Trees and Shrubs
- American Sycamore (Hamamidales Platanaceae Platanus occidentalis)
- Ash sp. (Gentianales Oleaceae Fraximus spp.)
- Basswood (Malvales Tiliaceae Tilia americana)
- Bird Cherry (Rosales Rosaceae Prunus padus)
- Black Locust (Fabales Fabaceae (Leguminosae) Robinia pseudoacacia)
- Black Walnut (Juglandales Juglandaceae Juglans nigra)
- Box Elder (Sapindales Aceraceae Acer negundo)
- Brambles (Rosaceae Rosaceae Rubus spp.)
- Cottonwoods (Salicales Salicaceae Populus spp.)
- Honeysuckle Hybrids (Dipsacales Caprifoliaceae Lonicera x spp.)
- Multiflora Rose (Rosales Rosaceae Rosa multiflora)
- Oaks (Fagales Fagaceae Quercus spp.)
- Sassafras (Laurales Lauraceae Sassafras albidum)
- Staghorn Sumac (Sapindales Anacardiaceae Rhus typhina)
- Sugar Maple (Sapindales Aceraceae Acer saccharum)
Forbs and Grasses
- Asters (Asterales Asteraceae (Compositae) spp.)
- Bedstraws (Rubiales Rubiaceae Galium spp.)
- Bull Thistle (Asterales Compositae (Asteraceae) Cirsium vulgare)
- Clovers (Fabales Fabaceae (Leguminosae) Trifolium sp.)
- Common Blue Violet (Vioales Violaceae Viola sororia)
- Common Mullein (Scrophulariales Scrophulariaceae Verbascum thapsus)
- Dame's Rocket (Capparales Brassicaceae (Cruciferae) Hesperis matronalis)
- Dandelion (Asterales Asteraceae (Compositae) Taraxacum officinale)
- Evening Primrose (Myrtales Onagraceae Oenothera biennis)
- Fleabanes (Asterales Asteraceae (Compositae) Erigeron spp.)
- Garlic Mustard (Capparales Brassicaceae (Cruciferae) Alliaria petiolata)
- Golden Ragwort (Asterales Asteraceae (Compositae) Senecio aureus)
- Goldenrod (Asterales Asteraceae (Compositae) Solidago spp.)
- Jack-in-the-Pulpit (Arales Araceae Arisaema triphyllum triphyllum)
- Japanese Knotweed (Polygonales Polygonaceae Polygonum ?)
- Jewel Weed (Touch-me-not) (Geraniales Balsaminaceae Impatiens biflora)
- Leedy's Rosewort (Rosales Crassulaceae Sedum integrifolium leedyi)
- Mayapple (Ranunculales Berberidaceae Podophyllum peltatum))
- Nodding Wild Onion (Liliales Liliaceae Allium cernuum)
- Periwinkle (Gentianales Apocynaceae Vinca minor)
- Purple Deadnettle (Lamiales Lamiaceae (Labiatae) Lamium purpureum)
- Skunk Cabbage (Arales Araceae Symplocarpus foetidus)
- Wild Geranium (Geraniales Geraniaceae Geranium maculatum)
- Winter Cress (Capparales Brassicaceae (Cruciferae) Barbarea vulgaris)
- Woodland Sunflower (Asterales Asteraceae (Compositae) Helianthus stromosus)
- Yarrow (Asterales Asteraceae (Compositae) Achillea millefolium)
Fauna
- Common Name (Order Family [Subfamily] Genus species)
Birds
- Alder Flycatcher (Passeriformes Tyrannidae Empidonax alnorum)
- American Crow (Passeriformes Corvidae Corvus brachyrhynchos)
- American Goldfinch (Passeriformes Fringillidae [Carduelinae] Carduelis tristis)
- American Kestrel (Falconiformes Falconidae Falco sparverius)
- American Redstart (Passeriformes Parulidae Setophaga ruticilla)
- American Robin (Passeriformes Turdidae Turdus migratorius)
- Baltimore Oriole (Passeriformes Icteridae [Icterinae] Icterus galbula)
- Barn Swallow (Passeriformes Hirundinidae [Hirundininae] Hirundo rustica)
- Belted Kingfisher (Coraciiformes Alcedinidae [Cerylinae] Ceryle alcyon)
- Black-billed Cuckoo (Cuculiformes Cuculidae [Phaenicophaeinae] Coccyzus erythropthalmus)
- Black-capped Chickadee (Passeriformes Paridae Parus atricapilla)
- Black-throated Green Warbler (Passeriformes Parulidae Dendroica virens)
- Blue-headed Vireo (Passeriformes Vireonidae [Veroninae] Vireo solitarius)
- Blue Jay (Passeriformes Corvidae Cyanocitta cristata)
- Brown Creeper (Passeriformes Certhiidae [Certhiinae] Certhia americana)
- Brown Thrasher (Passeriformes Mimidae Toxostoma rufum)
- Brown-headed Cowbird (Passeriformes Icteridae [Icterinae] Molothrus ater)
- Canada Goose (Anseriformes Anatidae [Anserinae] Branta canadensis)
- Carolina Wren (Passeriformes Troglodytidae Thryothorus ludoviciantus)
- Cedar Waxwing (Passeriformes Bombycillidae [Bombycillinae] Bombycilla cedrorum)
- Chestnut-sided Warbler (Passeriformes Parulidae Dendroica pensylvanica)
- Chimney Swift (Apodiformes Apodidae Chaetura pelagica)
- Chipping Sparrow (Passeriformes Emberizidae [Emberizinae] Spizella passerina)
- Common Grackle (Passeriformes Icteridae [Icterinae] Quiscallus quiscula)
- Common Merganser (Anseriformes Anatidae [Anatinae] Mergus merganser)
- Common Yellowthroat (Passeriformes Parulidae Geothlypis trichas)
- Dark-eyed Junco (Passeriformes Emberizidae [Emberizinae] Junco hyemalis)
- Downy Woodpecker (Piciformes Picidae [Picinae] Picoides pubescens)
- Eastern Bluebird (Passeriformes Turdidae Sialia sialis)
- Eastern Kingbird (Passeriformes Tyrannidae Tyrannus tyrannus)
- Eastern Phoebe (Passeriformes Tyrannidae Sayornis phoebe)
- Eastern Towhee (Passeriformes Emberizidae [Emberizinae] Pipilo erythrophthalmus)
- Eastern Tufted Titmouse (Passeriformes Paridae Baeolophus bicolor)
- Eastern Wood-Pewee (Passeriformes Tyrannidae Contopus virens)
- European Starling (Passeriformes Sturnidae [Sturninae] Sturnus vulgaris)
- Field Sparrow (Passeriformes Emberizidae [Emberizinae] Spizella pusilla)
- Golden-crowned Kinglet (Passeriformes Regulidae Regulus satrapa)
- Gray Catbird (Passeriformes Mimidae Dumetella carolinensis)
- Great Blue Heron (Ciconiiformes Ardeidae Ardea herodias)
- Great Crested Flycatcher (Passeriformes Tyrannidae Myiarchus crinitus)
- Green Heron (Ciconiiformes Ardeidae Butorides virescens)
- Hairy Woodpecker (Piciformes Picidae [Picinae] Picoides villosus)
- Hermit Thrush (Passeriformes Turdidae Catharus guttatus)
- House Finch (Passeriformes Fringillidae [Carduelinae] Carpodacus mexicanus)
- House Sparrow (Passeriformes Passeridae Passer domesticus)
- House Wren (Passeriformes Troglodytidae Troglodytes aedon)
- Indigo Bunting (Passeriformes Emberizidae [Cardinalinae] Passerina cyanea)
- Least Flycatcher (Passeriformes Tyrannidae Empidonax minimus)
- Louisiana Waterthrush (Passeriformes Parulidae Seiurus motacilla)
- Mallard (Anseriformes Anatidae [Anatinae] Anas platyrhynchos)
- Mourning Dove (Columbiformes Columbidae Zenaida macroura)
- Mourning Warbler (Passeriformes Parulidae Oporornis philadelphia)
- Northern Cardinal (Passeriformes Emberizidae [Cardinalinae] Cardinalis cardinalis)
- Northern Flicker (Piciformes Picidae [Picinae] Colaptes auratus)
- Northern Rough-winged Swallow (Passeriformes Hirundinidae [Hirundininae] Stelgidopteryx serripennis)
- Ovenbird (Passeriformes Parulidae Seiurus aurocapillus)
- Pileated Woodpecker (Piciformes Picidae [Picinae] Dryocopus pileatus)
- Purple Finch (Passeriformes Fringillidae [Carduelinae] Carpodacus purpureus)
- Purple Martin (Passeriformes Hirundinidae [Hirundininae] Progne subis)
- Red-bellied Woodpecker (Piciformes Picidae [Picinae] Melanerpes carolinus)
- Red-eyed Vireo (Passeriformes Vireonidae [Veroninae] Vireo olivaceus)
- Red-tailed Hawk (Falconiformes Accipitridae Buteo jamaicensis)
- Red-winged Blackbird (Passeriformes Icteridae [Icterinae] Agelaius pheoniceus)
- Ring-billed Gull (Charadriiformes Laridae [Larinae] Larus delawarensis)
- Rock Dove (Columbiformes Columbidae Columba livia)
- Rose-breasted Grosbeak (Passeriformes Emberizidae [Cardinalinae] Pheucticus ludovicianus)
- Ruby-throated Hummingbird (Apodiformes Trochilidae Archilochus colubris)
- Scarlet Tanager (Passeriformes Emberizidae [Thraupinae] Piranga olivacea)
- Sharp-shinned Hawk (Falconiformes Accipitridae Accipiter striatus)
- Song Sparrow (Passeriformes Emberizidae [Emberizinae] Melospiza melodia)
- Swamp Sparrow (Passeriformes Emberizidae [Emberizinae] Melospiza georgiana)
- Tree Swallow (Passeriformes Hirundinidae [Hirundininae] Tachycineta bicolor)
- Tufted Titmouse (Passeriformes Paridae Parus bicolor)
- Turkey Vulture (Falconiformes Cathartidae Cathartes aura)
- Veery (Passeriformes Turdidae Catharus fuscescens)
- Warbling Vireo (Passeriformes Vireonidae [Veroninae] Vireo gilvus)
- White-breasted Nuthatch (Passeriformes Sittidae [Sittinae] Sitta carolinensis)
- Wild Turkey (Galliformes Meleagrididae Meleagris gallopavo)
- Willow Flycatcher (Passeriformes Tyrannidae Empidonax traillii)
- Wood Duck (Anseriformes Anatidae [Anatinae] Aix sponsa)
- Wood Thrush (Passeriformes Turdidae Hylocichla mustelina)
- Yellow Warbler (Passeriformes Parulidae Dendroica petechia)
- Yellow-bellied Sapsucker (Piciformes Picidae [Picinae] Sphyrapicus varius)
Mammals
- American Beaver (Rodentia Castoridae Castor canadensis)
- Domestic Cats (Carnivora Felidae [Felinae] Felis domesticus)
- Domestic Dogs (Carnivora Canidae Canis familiaris)
- Eastern Chipmunk (Rodentia Sciuridae Tamias striatus)
- Eastern Cottontail (Lagomorpha Leporidae Sylvilagus floridanus)
- Gray Fox (Carnivora Canidae Urocyon cinereoargenteus)
- Gray Squirrel (Rodentia Sciuridae Sciurus carolinensis)
- Oppossum (Marsupialia Didelphidae Didelphis virginiana)
- Raccoon (Carnivora Procyonidae Procyon lotor)
- Red Fox (Carnivora Canidae Vulpes vulpes)
- Red Squirrel (Rodentia Sciuridae Tamiasciurus hudsonicus)
- Striped Skunk (Carnivora Mustelidae Mephitis mephitis)
- White-tailed Deer (Artiodactyla Cervidae Odocoileus virginianus)
Reptiles
- Common Garter Snake (Squamata Colubridae Thamnophis sirtalis)
- Common Snapping Turtle (Testudines Chelydridae Chelydra serpentina)
- Midland Painted Turtle (Testudines Emydidae Chrysemys picta marginata)
- Northern Water Snake (Squamata Colubridae Nerodia sipedon)
Amphibians
- American Toad (Anura Bufonidae Bufo americanus)
- Bullfrog (Anura Ranidae Rana catesbeiana)
- Dusky Salamander (Caudata Plethodontidae Desmognathus ochrophaeus)
- Gray Treefrog (Anura Hylidae Hyla versicolor)
- Green Frog (Anura Ranidae Rana clamitans melanota)
- Northern Two-lined Salamander (Caudata Plethodontidae Eurycea bislineata)
- Spring Peeper (Anura Hylidae Pseudacris crucifer)
- Spring Salamander (Caudata Plethodontidae Gyrinophilus porphyriticus)
Insects
- American Snout Butterfly (Lepidoptera Nymphalidae Libytheana carinenta)
- Angelwing Butterflies (Lepidoptera Nymphalidae Polygonia spp.)
- Baltimore Checkerspot Butterfly (Lepidoptera Nymphalidae Euphydryas phaeton)
- Beaverpond Baskettail Dragonfly (Odonata Corduliidae Epitheca canis)
- Brown Butterflies (Lepidoptera Nymphalidae Satyrodes spp.)
- Cabbage White Butterfly (Lepidoptera Pieridae Pieris rapae)
- Calico Pennant Dragonfly (Odonata Libellulidae Celithemis elisa)
- Cherry-faced Meadowhawk Dragonfly (Odonata Libellulidae Sympetrum internum)
- Comma Butterflies (Lepidoptera Nymphalidae Polygonia spp.)
- Common Green Darner Dragonfly (Odonata Aeschidae Anax junius)
- Common Whitetail Dragonfly (Odonata Libellulidae Libellula lydia)
- Eastern Amberwing Dragonfly (Odonata Libellulidae Perithemis tenera)
- Eastern Forktail Damselfly (Odonata Coenagrionidae Ischnura verticalis)
- Eastern Pondhawk Dragonfly (Odonata Libellulidae Erythemis simplicicollis)
- Ebony Jewelwing Damselfly (Odonata Calopterygidae Calopteryx maculata)
- Familiar Bluet Damselfly (Odonata Coenagrionidae Enallagma civile)
- Great Spangled Fritillary Butterfly (Lepidoptera Nymphalidae Speyeria cybele)
- Hairstreak Butterflies (Lepidoptera Lycaenidae Satyrium spp.)
- Hackberry Emperor (Lepidoptera Nymphalidae Asterocampa celtis)
- Monarch Butterfly (Lepidoptera Nymphalidae Danaus plexippus)
- Moths (Lepidoptera spp.)
- Mourning Cloak Butterfly (Lepidoptera Nymphalidae Nymphalis antiopa)
- Painted Lady Butterfly (Lepidoptera Nymphalidae Vanessa cardui)
- Pearl Crescent Butterfly (Lepidoptera NymphalidaePhyciodes tharos)
- Question Mark Butterfly (Lepidoptera Nymphalidae Polygonia interrogationis)
- Red Admiral Butterfly (Lepidoptera Nymphalidae Vanessa atalanta)
- Skipper Butterflies (Lepidoptera Hesperiidae spp.)
- Spotted Spreadwing Damselfly (Odonata Lestidae Lestes congener)
- Spring Azure Butterfly (Lepidoptera Lycaenidae Celastrina ladon)
- Summer Azure Butterfly (Lepidoptera Lycaenidae Celastrina neglecta)
- Swallowtail Butterflies (Lepidoptera Papilionidae Papilio spp.)
- Tawny Emperor Butterfly (Lepidoptera Nymphalidae Asterocampa clyton)
- Twelve-spotted Skimmer Dragonfly (Odonata Libellulidae Libellula pulchella)
- Variable Dancer Damselfly (Odonata Coenagrionidae Argia fumipennis violacea)
- White Admiral Butterfly (Lepidoptera Nymphalidae Limenitis arthemis arthemis)
- Widow Skimmer Dragonfly (Odonata Libellulidae Libellula luctuosa)
